In Japan in the last two years, the cement exports nearly halved from 11.460 Mta 2021 to ‘only’ 6.478 Mta in 2023. Since 2021, in each year year there has been a 2-digit YoY decline, the massive minus of 32.3% in 2023 can be attributed to an oversupply situation in the industry and changing patterns due to cement prices and transport costs.