In Kazakhstan, in the first 3 quarters of 2023, the cement production declined by -2.0% to 9.527 Mt, after 9.725 Mt in the same period last year. The 2.Q 2023 has resulted in a production increase by +2.6%, YOY, while in the 1.Q 2023 there has been a large decline by -16.9%, YoY (data have been updated).