In Kazakhstan, after a huge cement production decline of -16.9% in the 1.Q 2023, the production in the 2.Q 2023 increased by +2.6, YoY. However, this still leads in the 1.H 2023 to a cement production decline by -4.7% to 5.636 Mt, after 5.913 Mt in 1H 2022 (data have been updated).